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Vulnerability record/PUBLISHED/Published Sep 30, 2025 13:17:12 UTC

CVE-2025-9231

Issue summary: A timing side-channel which could potentially allow remote recovery of the private key exists in the SM2 algorithm implementation on 64 bit ARM platforms. Impact summary: A timing side-channel in SM2 signature computations on 64 bit ARM platforms could allow recovering the private key by an attacker.. While remote key recovery over a network was not attempted by the reporter, timing measurements revealed a timing signal which may allow such an attack. OpenSSL does not directly support certificates with SM2 keys in TLS, and so this CVE is not relevant in most TLS contexts. However, given that it is possible to add support for such certificates via a custom provider, coupled with the fact that in such a custom provider context the private key may be recoverable via remote timing measurements, we consider this to be a Moderate severity issue. The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as SM2 is not an approved algorithm.

Base score5.9/ 10
SeverityMediumCVSS 3.1

Exploitability / impact

CVSS metric breakdown

Vector-derived attributes
Base severityMedium
Attack vectorNetworkAV
Attack complexityHighAC
Privileges requiredNonePR
User interactionNoneUI
ScopeUnchangedS
Confidentiality impactHighC
Integrity impactNoneI
Availability impactNoneA
CVSS vector stringCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS communicates standardized severity and impact characteristics. It does not establish whether a system is exploitable in your specific environment.

Record context

CVE Numbering Authorityopenssl
Last updatedNov 6, 2026 21:45:40 UTC
PublishedSep 30, 2025 13:17:12 UTC
ReservedAug 20, 2025 08:38:09 UTC

Credits

  • Stanislav Fort (Aisle Research)
  • Stanislav Fort (Aisle Research)
  • Tomas Mraz